{"id":97,"date":"2024-02-28T10:23:03","date_gmt":"2024-02-28T09:23:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/breputatzt.cluster026.hosting.ovh.net\/blog\/?p=97"},"modified":"2024-04-30T16:13:55","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T14:13:55","slug":"en-quoi-consiste-le-bilan-carbone-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/2024\/02\/28\/en-quoi-consiste-le-bilan-carbone-2\/","title":{"rendered":"En quoi consiste le Bilan Carbone\u00ae\u00a0?"},"content":{"rendered":"Temps de lecture\u00a0: <\/span> 4<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>\n

Origine de la m\u00e9thodologie<\/strong><\/u><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La m\u00e9thode du Bilan Carbone\u00ae trouve son origine dans les travaux initi\u00e9s par l\u2019ADEME au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000 en France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leur objectif \u00e9tait de d\u00e9velopper un outil pragmatique et efficace permettant aux entreprises et organisations de mesurer et de comprendre leurs \u00e9missions de Gaz \u00e0 Effet de Serre (GES).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inspir\u00e9s par les pr\u00e9occupations croissantes li\u00e9es au changement climatique, l\u2019ADEME a \u00e9labor\u00e9 une approche visant \u00e0 prendre en compte l’ensemble des sources d’\u00e9missions d’une organisation, depuis ses activit\u00e9s op\u00e9rationnelles jusqu’\u00e0 l’ensemble de sa cha\u00eene de valeur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ainsi, en 2004 naissait le Bilan Carbone\u00ae. Cette m\u00e9thode Bilan Carbone est d\u00e9sormais d\u00e9tenue par l\u2019Association pour la transition bas-carbone (ABC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Bilan Carbone\u00ae est une m\u00e9thode sp\u00e9cifique accompagn\u00e9e d’outils concrets permettant de quantifier et d’analyser les \u00e9missions de GES, offrant ainsi aux entreprises et aux institutions la possibilit\u00e9 de mieux comprendre leur empreinte climatique et de prendre des mesures pour la r\u00e9duire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. <\/strong>Quel est le mode de calcul ?<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Les \u00e9missions sont calcul\u00e9es en faisant le produit d\u2019une donn\u00e9e d\u2019activit\u00e9 (volume de carburant consomm\u00e9, quantit\u00e9 de mati\u00e8re premi\u00e8re achet\u00e9, \u2026) par un facteur d\u2019\u00e9mission issue d\u2019une base de donn\u00e9es de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence (ADEME, GIEC, \u2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Le Bilan Carbone\u00ae permet de comprendre o\u00f9 se situent les postes d\u2019\u00e9missions les plus importants afin d\u2019orienter l\u2019action vers les mesures les plus pertinentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/strong>Les principales \u00e9tapes du Bilan Carbone\u00ae<\/u><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    <\/strong>Sensibilisation des parties prenantes<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

    La premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape consiste \u00e0 sensibiliser les acteurs cl\u00e9s de l\u2019entreprise sur la probl\u00e9matique Energie-Climat afin qu\u2019ils comprennent bien les enjeux associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la transition bas-carbone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    <\/strong>D\u00e9finir le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre de l\u2019\u00e9tude<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

    \u200dLa deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape, c\u2019est de cartographier les flux d\u2019\u00e9nergie, de mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, de d\u00e9chets et de produits g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9s par l\u2019entreprise.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u200d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Cette \u00e9tape est indispensable afin de bien d\u00e9terminer ce qui va \u00eatre pris en compte dans le calcul d\u2019empreinte carbone. <\/s><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u200dTrois p\u00e9rim\u00e8tres sont \u00e0 distinguer :\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre temporel<\/strong> : c\u2019est la p\u00e9riode sur laquelle va \u00eatre calcul\u00e9 le bilan carbone. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, c\u2019est sur une ann\u00e9e compl\u00e8te afin de refl\u00e9ter au mieux la globalit\u00e9 de l\u2019activit\u00e9 de l\u2019entreprise. Mais il peut aussi \u00eatre fait sur une p\u00e9riode particuli\u00e8re, sur un projet par exemple. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre organisationnel<\/strong> : c\u2019est l\u2019ensemble des sites, installations et activit\u00e9s de l\u2019entreprise qui doivent \u00eatre pris en compte.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • le p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre op\u00e9rationnel<\/strong> : la r\u00e8gle est simple, le Bilan Carbone\u00ae doit prendre en compte toutes les \u00e9missions directes et indirectes de l\u2019entreprise.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u200d\u00a0Collecte des donn\u00e9es<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u200dLe calcul du bilan carbone\u00ae repose sur les donn\u00e9es d\u2019activit\u00e9s de l\u2019organisation. Ces derni\u00e8res doivent donc \u00eatre inventori\u00e9es puis collect\u00e9es. Elles sont ensuite transform\u00e9es en quantit\u00e9 de CO2 \u00e9quivalent gr\u00e2ce aux facteurs d\u2019\u00e9mission.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u200dLa collecte des donn\u00e9es est une \u00e9tape fondamentale. Plus les donn\u00e9es r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9es seront pr\u00e9cises et exhaustives et plus le bilan carbone sera pr\u00e9cis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u200dCes donn\u00e9es repr\u00e9sentent toutes les \u00e9missions directes et indirectes de l’entreprise\u00a0: les fameux scopes 1,2 et 3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      •  Scope 1<\/strong> : ce sont les \u00e9missions directes de l\u2019entreprise. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Exemple : les \u00e9missions li\u00e9es au chauffage au gaz des bureaux de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 ou le carburant utilis\u00e9 pour les v\u00e9hicules de l\u2019entreprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Scope 2<\/strong> : ce sont les \u00e9missions indirectes li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9nergie. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Exemple : \u00e9missions li\u00e9es \u00e0 la consommation d\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Scope 3<\/strong> : ce sont toutes les autres \u00e9missions indirectes de l\u2019entreprise. Le scope 3 repr\u00e9sente g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement la grande majorit\u00e9 des \u00e9missions de l\u2019activit\u00e9 de l\u2019entreprise, parfois jusqu\u2019\u00e0 95% des \u00e9missions totales. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • <\/strong>Consolidation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              \u200dUne fois le processus de collecte des donn\u00e9es achev\u00e9, la phase cruciale de consolidation des informations d\u00e9bute. Cette \u00e9tape rev\u00eat une importance capitale, car elle requiert des consultants accompagnant l’entreprise dans l’\u00e9tablissement de son bilan carbone de s’assurer de l’exactitude des donn\u00e9es collect\u00e9es. Leur mission consiste \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter toute incoh\u00e9rence, erreur manifeste, omission ou duplication dans la mesure des \u00e9missions. En somme, il leur incombe de garantir l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 et la fiabilit\u00e9 des informations avant de poursuivre le processus d’analyse et d’\u00e9valuation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Analyse des r\u00e9sultats<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

              Cette \u00e9tape permet de comprendre d\u2019o\u00f9 proviennent les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre dans l\u2019activit\u00e9 de l\u2019entreprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
              Construction du plan d\u2019action<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

              A partir des r\u00e9sultats, l\u2019entreprise doit maintenant d\u00e9finir des actions pour r\u00e9duire son empreinte carbone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Des actions \u00e0 plusieurs horizons doivent \u00eatre d\u00e9finies :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • Am\u00e9liorations rapides : actions de formation et de sensibilisation de l\u2019ensemble des \u00e9quipes, politique de sobri\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, mise en place d\u2019une politique de recyclage plus efficiente\u2026<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • Focus sur les p\u00f4les prioritaires : travail accentu\u00e9 sur les volets les plus polluants dans le cadre de votre activit\u00e9 (choix des mat\u00e9riaux, modes de transports\u2026)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
              • D\u00e9cisions strat\u00e9giques majeures : faut-il revoir l\u2019ensemble du mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 pour r\u00e9aliser son objectif de transition bas carbone ?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Il est important d\u2019int\u00e9grer les collaborateurs de l\u2019entreprise dans cette phase de construction car ils ont une vision concr\u00e8te du terrain et ils seront en premi\u00e8re ligne pour mettre en \u0153uvre le plan d\u2019action.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Temps de lecture\u00a0: <\/span> 4<\/span> minutes<\/span><\/span>La m\u00e9thode du Bilan Carbone\u00ae trouve son origine dans les travaux initi\u00e9s par l\u2019ADEME au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000 en France.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ub_ctt_via":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/statics.b-reputation.com\/site-ressources\/images\/BILAN-CARBONE.png","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[21,18],"class_list":["post-97","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilan-carbone","tag-politique-environnementale","tag-transition-ecologique"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/statics.b-reputation.com\/site-ressources\/images\/BILAN-CARBONE.png?w=907&resize=907,925&ssl=1","author_info":{"display_name":"Elodie 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Mallet","author_link":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/author\/emallet\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Temps de lecture\u00a0: 4 minutesLa m\u00e9thode du Bilan Carbone\u00ae trouve son origine dans les travaux initi\u00e9s par l\u2019ADEME au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000 en France.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=97"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/97\/revisions\/107"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=97"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=97"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/b-reputation.com\/fr\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=97"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}